journal N3 2025

DOI: 10.52340/ekonomisti.2025.03.08

Summary

The article notes that it is advisable not only to forecast the volume and directions of investments, but also to comprehensively assess their impact on the technical and technological condition of the fixed capital used in the production process. The growing volume of investments creates favorable conditions for the modernization of production equipment, the introduction of new technologies and the abandonment of obsolete technical solutions. This, in turn, contributes to increasing the sustainability of enterprises, improving the asset structure and forming an effective resource management system. Investments play a key role in increasing the competitiveness of enterprises in the domestic and foreign markets. They provide not only an increase in labor productivity, but also an improvement in the quality of products. The article pays special attention to the innovative aspect of investment activity, since it is investments in research and development that are the basis for technological renewal. The importance of an active investment policy in shaping the country\'s modern economic potential is emphasized. An approach to assessing the effectiveness of investments is proposed, including profitability indicators, payback period, risk level and impact on socio-economic development. The mechanisms for attracting both internal and external sources of financing for investment projects are also being considered. The author focuses on the need to create a favorable investment environment, including a stable macroeconomic situation, effective legislation and government support. It is noted that successful investment activity requires strategic planning and coordination at all levels of management. The article emphasizes that investments are an integral part of economic activity and affect the key economic indicators of the enterprise: profit, revenue, cost and sales volumes. It is proved that investment decisions should be based on a thorough analysis of the current state of production and long-term development goals. The author emphasizes the importance of a balanced approach between short-term benefits and long-term sustainability. Examples of successful investment practices in various sectors of the economy are given. The possible risks associated with investment activity, including economic instability, inflationary processes and foreign policy factors, are also analyzed. Ways to minimize these risks by diversifying investments and creating a monitoring and control system are proposed. The article highlights the importance of staffing investment processes and the need to train specialists in the field of investment analysis and project management. It is proved that investments in human capital, including in education and professional development, contribute to an increase in the efficiency of the entire economic complex. The features of investment activity in the context of the digital transformation of the economy are analyzed. It was noted that digitalization provides new tools for the analysis, planning and implementation of investment programs. It is concluded that increasing investment activity is an important condition for the transition to an innovative economy and sustainable development. It is proposed to use an integrated approach to assessing the impact of investment activity on economic results, taking into account industry specifics. In general, the article aims to substantiate the need to enhance the role of investment as a strategic resource for economic growth and increase the efficiency of economic activity at the micro and macro levels.

Key words: investments, innovations, fixed assets, productivity, machinery, technology, efficiency, industry.