EKONOMISTI
The international scientific and analytical, reviewed, printing and electronic journal of Paata Gugushvili Institute of Economics of Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State University |
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Journal number 3 ∘
Alfred Kuratashvili ∘
THEORY OF SUPREMACY OF INTERESTS OF PEOPLE – A DEFINING SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF SOCIAL ORIENTATION OF FUNCTIONING OF ECONOMY AND BUSINESS Expanded Summary The scientific work critically examines the erroneously established in science, politics and practice in the so-called civilized world, and dominant in society and in the state – the supremacy of means (?!). In particular, the supremacy (dominance) in society and in the state of the economic end in itself of the means is critically considered – the supremacy (dominance) of money, market, profit, capital over man (?!). Moreover, the so-called “Invisible Hand” of Adam Smith is at the heart of the economic end in itself of the means expressing the true essence of capitalism, because despite the universally recognized merits of Adam Smith in economic science, his main “scientific” idea of the so-called “Invisible Hand”, Adam Smith, in my scientifically sound conviction, is in fact not only one of the founders of classical political economy, but also a “scientific” “interpreter” and creator of the scientific foundations of economic fascism. In the scientific work, the supremacy of law, erroneously recognized and established in the world, is critically examined, for the law cannot have supremacy in society and in the state, since the law in True Human Society and the state should be only a necessary means – a necessary tool – to exercise rights, truly human freedoms and human interests, excluding antisocial, inhumane and anti-moral phenomena. Thus, a law, just like law in general, a legal system that includes laws and all other legal acts, cannot have supremacy in society and in the state, despite the crucial importance of the need to comply with the rule of law, because laws are created ( must be created) for man, and not man is born and lives for laws. Consequently, the Theory of the supremacy of the interests of the people created by me is a fundamentally new scientific trend and a fundamentally new scientific theory, on the basis of which stereotypes are broken in the social sciences, in politics and in practice, and therefore, on the basis of the Theory of the supremacy of the interests of the people, the criterion and approach to managing the economy and business are radically changing, the same as to the management of society and the state as a whole. Though, the aforesaid does not mean at all the denial of necessity of use of the laws and other legal acts in management of the society and the state. The aforesaid does not either mean the denial of necessity of the rigid struggle against lawlessness. Therefore, the discussion only touches upon the issue who and what will possess the supremacy in the society and the state (!?), what will have fundamental scientific-theoretic, political and practical significance and what is directly connected with the issue of protection of rights, freedoms and interests of each person. Problem of the supremacy of the law, problem of legal creative work and application of laws in the society and the state acquire particularly critical character under the terms of the rule of the market, money, profit, capital, when everybody and everything belong to purchase and sale. Under such conditions, some former and present state functionaries or other persons, who got rich by robbing people, sometimes achieve high state positions in power, that may be used, on the one hand, for escaping the responsibility for committed by them crimes and, on the other one, they can use their positions for illegal “legalization” of the robbed by them means and further robbing of people. Besides, under the slogan of necessity of executing the reforms, some officials can try to achieve the adoption and putting into practice such laws and other legal acts that are obviously leading to the infringement of rights, freedoms and interests of a person (?!) Therefore, I oppose the “supremacy” of reforms over the rights, freedoms and interests of a person, since the implementation of reforms should represent only the means of the realization of interests of people. I oppose such independence of officials, illegal or illegally “legalized” activity of whom make a person (a lot of people) dependent upon these officials, instead of serving interests of people. Consequently, depending on honesty and dishonesty, competence and incompetence of representatives of the state power, the laws may be issued and used both for realization of interests of people and for robbery and enslavement of people as well. And this problem, as it was already mentioned, bears particularly acute character under the terms of domination of the market, when under the influence of money, under influence of the market some people spare no effort in order the laws and other legal acts to serve their illegal enrichment. I support the idea of enrichment of people but through honest use of their own abilities and through their honest mental and physical work and not through robbery of people. Necessity of existence of the market relations is beyond doubt, since the economic relations cannot exist without the market, in view of this fact, I consider the additional substantiation of the given thesis unnecessary. At the same time, I am deeply convinced that the market relations bear genetically antagonistic character, thus making necessary the active participation of the state in creation of such political-legal and social-economic mechanisms, through use of which these relations will be subject to the realization of the social goal, i.e. as a result of use of which (as a result of use of mechanisms of social-economic management) the market relations will be really subject to interests of people. Thus, the market relations and their civilized use for interests of people represent the unbiased necessity for construction and effective functioning of the true human society and state. But with regard for genetically antagonistic nature of the market relations and taking into account that these relations under the conditions of complete freedom of the market can economically, morally and physically tread down people, I consider it necessary, the state power to adopt such laws that, on the one hand, proceeding from interests of people will give maximum possible freedom to each person, including entrepreneurs, businessmen and so on, and on the other one, that these laws to serve the social goal of the true human society and state and to exclude antisocial, immoral, antihuman phenomena – that these laws to be directed towards protection of rights, freedoms and interests of every person. Consequently, under the conditions of adoption of the socially orientated laws and strict observance of their fulfillment, the market relations and the laws themselves will be subject to the effective realization of interests of people. For realization of the aforesaid goal – for realization of interests of people – I consider it necessary for leaders of states (since exactly leaders of states play a decisive role in management of the society and the state) to recognize and put into practice the proposed by me principle of the supremacy of interests of people instead of the universally recognized supremacy of the law. |