DOI:  10.36172/EKONOMISTI.2020.XVI.03.YUZBASHOVA

Expanded Summary 

In developing countries, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) account for the largest share of noncommunicable diseases. In these countries, there is a high mortality rate from these diseases. According to WHO, out of the ten leading causes of death in the world, CVD diseases rank first - 21.9%. In Azerbaijan, 33,000 deaths are associated with cardiovascular diseases (CVD). In developing countries, cardiovascular diseases (CVD) account for the largest share of noncommunicable diseases. In these countries, there is a high mortality rate from these diseases. In developed countries, preventive medicine and the primary link of the health care system are better developed, as well as the latest methods of diagnosis and treatment of various diseases are applied. Tackling noncommunicable diseases is very important because these diseases can be prevented or treated at an early stage with less cost.

In this regard, the priority directions of the state's development are the pursuance of a coordinated policy in the field of health care in order to increase the efficiency of the health care system. Some economic growth made it possible to increase financing of health care and create conditions for improving the quality of medical care and increasing its availability, stabilizing the main medical and demographic indicators (fertility, mortality, life expectancy), and reducing infectious diseases. But, despite all the work done, some parts of the parameters of the health status of the population, its medical care and drug supply are below the desired level.

This was especially evident during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. To combat the virus, 2.5 billion rubles were allocated from the country's budget (manat). In addition, there were infusions of money from many organizations, private and state companies, from individuals. Concomitant diseases - diabetes mellitus, asthma, kidney disease, heart disease, obesity, smoking - had an impact on the likelihood of infection, complications of the course of the disease and mortality. To reduce the degree of the disease, the government took timely measures and injected funds into health care and the construction of mobile hospitals, the purchase of modern equipment and technical means, and also provided assistance to more than 17 states. Based on this, it is advisable to combat non-communicable diseases, since these diseases can be prevented or cured at an early stage with lower costs.

One of the directions of the country's socio-economic development, showing the responsibility of the state to its citizens, is to improve the health of the population, ensure the availability of high-quality medical care, since there are certain differences depending on income and in the level of development of the health care system. The need to eliminate the existing problems is revealed, since the process of globalization, changes in the way of life of people have contributed to the complication of the epidemiological situation. For example, the epidemic of infectious and non-infectious diseases poses serious problems for the health care system and its organization, due to the complexity of the process. The increased attention to human capital is justified by the fact that human health has come to be regarded as one of the main factors in accelerating innovation, ICT and scientific, technical and technological processes, contributing to the real growth and development of the country. The observed growth in the volume of scientific knowledge creates conditions for improving the mechanisms of public health protection, organization and management of the health care system.

Key words: financing; government spending; efficiency; cardiovascular diseases; private expenses; competitiveness, COVID-19.