journal N1 2025

Expanded Summary

World-renowned scientists, experts, and research centers are increasingly talking about the fact that the world is facing new challenges and opportunities, which are associated with unprecedented economic development and which will be a concomitant process of the fourth industrial revolution. Accordingly, we are standing at the crossroads of industrial revolutions or have already begun, which will bring us great changes. It is assumed that professions and workplaces will undergo mutation. There will be a need for new skills, as artificial intelligence will replace a large part of the work. The process will be exponential. Humanity will not be able to escape the changes that Industry 4.0 will bring.

Against the backdrop of the technological revolution, employment-related problems will worsen in the conditions of the atrophied structure of the economy and the imbalance between the demand and supply of labor.

According to forecasts, a number of professions will become highly demanded, such as: IT specialists, scientific and engineering-technical specialties, professions related to mathematical knowledge, etc. In the coming years, in the wake of the development of artificial intelligence and robotics, the issues of labor arrangement of those low-skilled individuals who do not belong to the above-mentioned professions will become more complicated.

In parallel with the ongoing technological revolutionary changes, special importance is attached to the effective involvement of human capital in the country's development processes; the compliance of the educational system and programs with the existing and future demands of the labor market; the training of professional personnel; the connection of higher education, science and innovative technologies.

In modern conditions, education and science are considered the cornerstone of the country's economic and sustainable development. Despite the significant reforms carried out in Georgia, there are still a number of problems and challenges related to the quality of education and training services, adaptation to the labor market, and promotion of science and research and development. To overcome the expected difficulties, it is recommended to form an integrated and effective policy for the development of education, science, and business in Georgia, study and identify the potential of the local economy at an appropriate level, and as a result, start new business directions that will contribute to increasing the number of local scientific personnel and reducing the brain drain, reducing population migration in the region, reducing unemployment and increasing incomes, reducing barriers to starting a business, developing a systematic approach to economic development, profitability of scientific research, and other synergistic processes characteristic of the system.

Based on the current reality in Georgia, it is necessary to train specialists with special and higher education, which implies reforming the education system in the following directions: introduction of integrated programs in the general education system; focusing on areas of vocational education that are determined by Industry 4.0 for the training of technical specialists; formation of a new university model - entrepreneurial universities.

The transition to an innovative model of development of the Georgian economy is impossible without the transformation of leading universities. The main task of a modern university is to become an active participant in the formation of the country's innovative economy, to contribute to increasing its competitiveness, through the reproduction and improvement of the quality of human capital at the global level and the commercialization of results. The integrated implementation of the educational, research and entrepreneurial functions of the university is reflected in the name of its model: entrepreneurial university.

The development of a new university model should be carried out within the framework of the education reform strategy. In accordance with strategic initiatives, modern universities should become a force for the development of Georgia's regions and acquire new skills in the fields of globalization, digitalization, commercialization and marketing.

An entrepreneurial university systematically affects the innovative development of the economy. An invention patented at this university improves the start-up of a new business and/or the functioning of an existing business. A regional entrepreneurial university should combine the efforts of education (all levels), the scientific and research sphere and local authorities in order to effectively use the intellectual potential of the region and the population.

Entrepreneurial universities can have a positive impact on mitigating the expected consequences.

The formation of entrepreneurial universities will contribute not only to the improvement of the university system, which will ensure the introduction of new teaching approaches, greater independent work of students, their involvement in research and the development of new demand skills, but also improves the quality of scientific research and teaching in general education schools. By fulfilling this function, it appears as a kind of cornerstone of the education system, which should assume the function of the main driving force.

Promoting the formation of entrepreneurial universities in the regions of Georgia, in addition to the above, will contribute to increasing local scientific personnel and reducing the brain drain, consolidating the population in the region, reducing unemployment and increasing incomes, reducing barriers to starting a new business, a systematic approach to economic development, profitability of scientific research and other synergistic processes characteristic of the system.

The formation of an entrepreneurial university model will best respond to the function of an educational and economic hub in Georgia. 

Keywords: Industrial Revolution, Artificial Intelligence, Workforce, Entrepreneurial University, Labor Market